Indian parliament is supreme body of legislative power in the Republic of India. It is crucial to the government and the working of the country. The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive understanding of the Indian parliament, including its functions and structure.
1. Constituency of the Indian parliament
1.1 Structure Bicameral
India is governed by a bi-cameral parliament, which consists of two houses.
- Lok SabhaThe Lower House, which is made up of people directly elected to represent them.
- Rajya SabhaUpper House: A house of representatives for the States and Union Territories, composed by members chosen by their state legislative assemblies.
Members Composition
-
Lok Sabha:
- Maximum Members: 552
- Current total members: 543 elected + 2 nominated
- Rajya Sabha:
- Maximum Members: 250
- Total members currently: 245 (elected + 5 nominees)
2. Elections to the Indian Parliament
2.1 Lok Sabha Elections
- The study takes place every five years.
- Members are chosen by a system of first past the post.
- In general, there is a lot of engagement in the voting process during elections.
2.2 Rajya Sabha Elections
- The members serve six-year terms in staggered order.
- The Rajya Sabha renews one third every two years.
3. Indian Parliament Functions
3.1 Legislative functions
- The Law Making ProcessLegislation is the main role of Parliament. Bills can be introduced as legislation, which requires approval by both chambers.
- There are many different types of bills:
- Ordinary BillsRequires majority approval.
- Money BillsThey can only be brought up in the Lok Sabha, and must follow distinct procedures.
- Constitutional AmendmentsRequires a majority of two thirds in both chambers.
The Oversight Functions
- Executive AccountabilityThe parliament holds the executive responsible. The members can ask questions of ministers, make motions and take part in discussions.
- CommitteesThe Public Accounts Committee, the Committee on Estimates and other committees of the parliament monitor various aspects of government and executive action.
Financial Functions
- Budget approvalParliament is in charge of taxation and public spending. The Union Budget is presented by the Finance Minister, and must be approved in the Lok Sabha.
- Control Over Money BillsMoney bills can only be presented in the Lok Sabha which is the final authority on financial issues.
4. The role of President of India as a member of Parliament
The functioning of Parliament is dependent on the President of India. These roles include:
- The summoning of the Parliament and its proroguing.
- Assenting to the bills that have been passed by the Parliament.
- The opening of the Parliament every year.
5. Indian Parliament, its importance
Representation and the People
Indian parliament is representative of India’s diverse population, including different voices, cultures and interests.
Upholding Democracy
As the highest legislative organ, parliament plays a crucial role in maintaining democracy, protecting the constitution and ensuring the rule of laws.
National Development
The role of the parliament is to shape policies and laws that promote national welfare and development.
6. Indian Parliament: Challenges it faces
The following are examples of disruptions in sessions:
During sessions, frequent disruptions or protests can slow down legislative work.
Inefficient Lawmaking
Backlogs of bills and delays in processes can impact timely governance.
Political Polarization
Increased political polarization may lead to problems with collaboration and consensus.
7. You can also read our conclusion.
The Indian parliament is an institution which embodies India’s democratic spirit. Its role in government, lawmaking and representation is vital to shaping the future of India, despite its challenges.
FAQs
1. What is the main function of Indian parliament?
Legislation is the primary role of India’s Parliament. It oversees the executive through multiple mechanisms and makes it accountable.
2. What is the term of a Lok Sabha Member?
The Lok Sabha is elected for a five-year term, and members can run again.
3. What’s the difference between an Ordinary Bill and a Money Bill?
A money bill can be presented only in the Lok Sabha and is limited to taxation or public spending. An ordinary bill can cover a wide range of topics and be submitted in either chamber.
4. Who is the person who has the power to dissolve Lok Sabha?
According to the advice from the Prime Minister, the Indian President can dissolve the Lok Sabha.
5. What is the role of committees in Indian parliament?
The Indian Parliament has committees that examine legislation, make inquiries and evaluate government action. They play a vital role in ensuring oversight and efficiency.
6. What is the voting system for members of Rajya Sabha?
The Rajya Sabha is elected by members elected to the State Legislative Assemblies. A few are nominated for their specialization by the Indian President.
7. How important is the budget session for the Parliament?
Budget sessions can be crucial, as they include discussions on and approval of government financial plans that affect economic policy and resource allocation for the upcoming year.
8. What is the current state of Indian parliament?
Indian Parliament is facing challenges like increasing polarization of politics, inefficiency and disruptions in sessions that impact governance.
9. Can the president return a law passed by parliament?
The President may return a Bill for Reconsideration. It is up to the parliament whether it wants to pass this bill again.
10. How does India’s Parliament hold the executive accountable?
In order to ensure accountability, Parliament utilizes various tools, including question and answer sessions, committees and debates.
The overview gives an insight into the roles and functions of the Indian parliament as it is a key pillar in the Indian democracy. It is important to understand these factors in order to fully grasp the government and legislative process of India.
